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Saints Martin and Sebastian of the Swiss
The Church of Saints Martin and Sebastian of the Swiss ((イタリア語:Santi Martino e Sebastiano degli Svizzeri)) is a Roman Catholic oratory in Vatican City. The church was built by Pope Pius V in 1568 to serve as private chapel for the Pontifical Swiss Guards, whose barracks are located next to Porta San Pellegrino, close to the Apostolic Palace.〔 It is considered the national church of Switzerland in Rome.
The chapel is conveniently located on the path taken everyday by the Guards from their barracks to Portone di Bronzo. It is accessible for the guards, day and night. Baptisms and marriages of members of the Guard can also be celebrated with the permission of the priest of the parish of Saint Anne in Vatican.
== History ==
The Swiss Guards arrived at the service of the Pope in Rome in 1506. Pope Pius V ordered the construction of a chapel strictly reserved for the Guards behind the bastion of Nicholas V. The construction of the building dates back to 1568 under the direction of architect Nanni di Baccio Bigio.〔 The church was dedicated to Saint Martin of Tours and Saint Sebastian, both soldiers. (The patron saint of Switzerland, however, is Nicholas of Flüe, who was canonized in 1947 by Pope Pius XII.) Saint Martin was an officer in the Roman army who withdrew to the ascetic and monastic life after his conversion. Saint Sebastian was appointed as a captain of the Praetorian Guard of Roman emperors Diocletian and Maximian and was martyred.
Until the 1648 Peace of Westphalia, the German-speaking Swiss Guards gathered in the church of Santa Maria della Pietà in Campo Santo Teutonico, where there was a side altar reserved for them.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.schweizergarde.va/the-pfyffer-von-altishofen.html )〕 From 1657 to 1977, the Guards also used the church of Saint Peregrine in the Vatican ((イタリア語:San Pellegrino in Vaticano)) for their religious services.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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